Reference

The Glossary

20 terms, written without jargon. Search by name, definition, or category.

Accounting

Balance Sheet

A snapshot of what a company owns and owes at a moment in time.

Accounting

Cash Flow Statement

Reconciles net income to cash actually generated.

Strategy

Compounding

Earnings on earnings — the eighth wonder of the world.

Valuation

Discount Rate

The rate used to translate future cash flows into present value.

Strategy

Dividend

A cash distribution from a company to its shareholders.

Accounting

EBITDA

Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.

Strategy

Economic Moat

A durable competitive advantage that protects long-term profits.

Valuation

EV/EBITDA

Enterprise value as a multiple of EBITDA.

Valuation

Free Cash Flow

Cash a business generates after reinvesting to maintain operations.

Accounting

Income Statement

A report of revenues, costs, and profits over a period.

Strategy

Margin of Safety

Buying at a price meaningfully below intrinsic value.

Strategy

Network Effect

A product becomes more valuable as more people use it.

Accounting

Operating Margin

Operating income as a percentage of revenue.

Valuation

Price-to-Earnings Ratio

Share price divided by earnings per share.

Valuation

Return on Invested Capital

How much profit a company generates per dollar of capital invested.

Strategy

Stock Buyback

A company repurchasing its own shares.

Strategy

Switching Cost

Friction that prevents customers from changing providers.

Valuation

Terminal Value

The value of all cash flows beyond the explicit forecast period.

Valuation

WACC

The blended cost of a company's debt and equity capital.

Accounting

Working Capital

Current assets minus current liabilities.